Panchatantra 0006 - The Golden Chain and the Cunning Crab: How to Conquer a Stronger Enemy

 “Somewhere in India, in a large tree lived a pair of crows. Now, whenever the female crow laid eggs, a black cobra would come and gobble up the eggs. Nearby was a jackal.

The crows knew the jackal well. The jackal was also seeing this, every time it happened. As soon as the female crow had laid eggs, the cobra would climb up the tree and eat up the eggs. The crows were afraid that the next time the cobra would eat them up.

One day the crows went to him, and complained to him.

The jackal asked them not to worry. The jackal said - When the enemy becomes strong, it needs to be tricked into submission. Ordinary ones can escape the enemy by their presence of mind. Act the way the crab did and see how he overpowered a heron.

The crows wanted to know about that.

The jackal began telling them that story.

Let me tell you about this lake. It was a place far away, and the lake was huge. It was home to all kinds of aquatic creatures, and many water birds lived around it, among them was a heron. This heron we are talking about today, had lived there for years, living on fish. Now he was old and frail. He was unable to catch fish like he used to do earlier and was hungry. He was always thinking of a way for food to come to him.

One day, the old heron went near the water. Standing at the edge, he began crying out loudly. Hearing his cries, a crab came out, wondering what was happening. The crab saw the heron. He looked really sad and tears were falling from his eyes into the waters of the lake. The crab asked him - Uncle heron, why are you upset? Is it hunger that is making you cry, or is there some other reason?

The heron looked at the crab and said - My child, I have become old. I do not want to live in this world any longer. Thus, I have made up my mind to renounce this world. It is not hunger that is making me cry. I have made a vow to fast until death comes to me. So even if fishes came to me, I would not touch them.

The crab said - Why did you suddenly decide to renounce the world?

The heron said - I lived and spent my life here. I was born near this lake. I know this lake as my only home. I have heard that this lake will be drying up. That is making me sad. I have heard that this lake will be drying up. That is making me sad. I heard that in the next twelve years the lake will dry up. There is a prediction that for the next twelve years there will be no rain.

The crab was stunned. What, where did you hear this? he asked the heron.

“From an astrologer,” the heron said. The astrologer said it was written in a book. Even now, there isn’t a lot of water in the lake... The bigger creatures like crocodiles and tortoises will walk away... Saddened, I have taken up the vow to fast until death.

The crab went into the water. There he told the fishes what he had heard from the heron.

What do we do? - all said. They were worried about the future.

They all went together and asked the heron - What do we do? How do we save ourselves?

The heron said - I know of a lake close by. That lake is deep and full of water. Forget twelve, even if it does not rain for twenty-four years, nothing will happen to the lake. If you are fine, you can climb up on my back. I will take you there.

Hearing this, all wanted to go with the heron.

One by one they would climb onto the heron’s back. The heron would fly some distance. Then he would dash the fish against a rock, kill and eat it. He would then come back and ask for the next one to climb onto his back.

This cycle continued for some time.

Then the crab said - I had spoken to you first, yet you have ignored me so far. Do you have any intentions of saving me?

The heron thought - I have been having fish every day. Having a crab will be a welcome change.

The crab climbed up on the heron’s back and they set forth. When the heron reached a rocky spit, he began slowing.

The crab asked - How far is the lake?

Confident with himself, the heron said - Lake? There is no lake. This is for my feast.

The crab by then had seen the heaps of fish bones. He realized what had been happening. Using his claws, he strangled the heron to its death. After that, he walked back to the lake.

Seeing him, the fishes asked where the heron was. The crab told them what had happened.

Ending his story, the jackal said - this is how a mere crab was able to kill a heron.

The crows said - Then tell us. How do we kill the cobra?

The jackal said - Here is what you have to do. Go to the city. Visit the house of wealthiest person there. Look around to see when they drop something very precious on the ground. As soon as they do, swoop down, grab that and fly away with that. Drop that in the hollow where the snake lives. People will follow you surely and they will the snake.

The crows decided to follow the advice of the jackal. They did not have to fly far. Nearby royal women were having a bath in a lake; they had left their garments and ornaments on the banks. The female crow grabbed a golden chain and flew off with that. When the guards saw this, they chased after the crow. The crow dropped the chain which slipped into the hole where the snake lived. The guards started probing around to get the chain. The snake came out to see what was happening. Seeing the snake, the guards killed it immediately. They then found the chain and took it back with them.

Ending this tale, the jackal said - What cannot be achieved by strength has to be dealt with, using deceit. Like the way the hare in the jungle, killed a lion.

What happened? - asked his brother.

The jackal began telling the story.

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What do we learn from this?

what cannot be achieved by strength has to dealt with, using deceit

The two stories show different types of deception: The heron exploits the fear and trust of the fish for selfish gain. The crow/jackal use a golden chain to turn the guards against the cobra for protection and survival.

• Understand your opponent’s vulnerability.

• When you lack the strength to fight directly, find an intermediary way to deal with it.

• Do not accept claims at their face value, especially those that trigger panic or offer overly convenient solutions.

• The crab’s survival was due to his timely realization of the danger and his immediate, decisive action.

Panchatantra 0005 - How an Ascetic Lost Everything through Misplaced Trust

 

The story of the ascetic starts somewhere in India, in a place, far away.

In that city, there was an old monastery. In that monastery lived an ascetic. This ascetic was a learned person and used to give discourses and advise people. Over time, he had gained many devotees. They would come, visit him, listen to him and take his blessings. In return, they would give the ascetic expensive gifts. The ascetic would take the gifts and sell them off in the market. In return he would get money. By doing this, he ended up accumulating a lot of wealth. With wealth, came fear and distrust. He trusted no one and kept all his money in bags, and those bags he tied around himself.

His habits of moving around with money bags tied around him, were noticed by robbers. One robber made it his objective to rob the ascetic. He had a problem though. The walls of the monastery were very difficult to climb, and the gates were very high and next to impossible to climb and cross. He decided to please the ascetic with words and swindle him.

One day he went to the ascetic and asked him to become his guru. He used sweet words to please the ascetic. The ascetic, unaware of the swindler’s intentions, agreed.

The ascetic agreed on a condition that the disciple should not enter the monastery after sunset, but sleep outside. The robber agreed.

He served the ascetic while keeping a lookout for the money bags. He noticed that the ascetic always tied the money bags around himself and wondered how to gain the guru’s trust.

One day the ascetic was invited to preside over a thread ceremony at a disciple’s house. The ascetic left for that, and the swindler also left with him. On the way, passing a river, the ascetic decided to relieve himself. He took the money bags and his robes and handed them to the robber, asking him to guard them. Then, he left to answer the call of nature.

Seeing the opportunity, the robber fled as soon as the ascetic was out of sight.

While the ascetic was relieving himself, he saw two rams. They were fighting with each other, ramming their heads until their heads bled. The smell of blood brought a jackal there. It tried to get closer to the rams. Unfortunately, it got caught between the two fighting rams and met his end.

Seeing this happen in front of his eyes, shocked the ascetic. He quickly finished his business and came back to see his money bags missing. Only his robes were lying there. He tried to search for the swindler but no luck. Sad and unhappy, he returned back to the monastery.

Ending the story the jackal, who has started telling the story said – Like the ascetic was responsible for his actions, you too are to blame for creating this situation.

His brother said - Do not worry. I made the lion and bullock become friends. I will also break their friendship. Not by force, but by using my cunning. Like the crow killed a cobra using a golden chain.

How was it - asked his brother?

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The story is about mis-placed trust and the consequences of actions.

The robber’s methods show how flattery can be used to exploit weaknesses (the ascetic’s desire for praise).

The ascetic was so consumed by his physical attachment that he failed to exercise due diligence in evaluating the character and intentions of his new “disciple.” He was too trusting in the wrong area.

Rational thought vanishes when one is scared. The ascetic’s fear of losing his wealth clouded his judgment, leading him to hand them over to the person he should have been wary of.

Panchatantra 0004 - The merchant and the king

 There was a beautiful city, somewhere in India. This city was literally governed by a rich merchant. No, he was not the ruler there. There was a king there, and the merchant ensured that everyone, the people, the king - all were pleased.

Once this merchant’s daughter was getting married. The merchant had invited most of the city’s people to attend the wedding. He treated them to lavish meals and gave them gifts. He then invited the king and his family and gave them special respect and gifts.

A sweeper of the palace heard about this and wanted to try his luck. He had unfortunately, not been invited. Even then, the sweeper went and sat there. The merchant saw this and had the sweeper thrown out. The sweeper felt extremely insulted. The merchant could have been polite and a small meal and gift would not have hurt the merchant. The sweeper went home and lay awake the whole night, thinking of ways to have the merchant fall in the eyes of the king. An idea struck him. He thought over it. This idea seemed good. The sweeper decided to put that idea to action.

A few days passed. The sweeper was sweeping the king’s chamber. It was early morning and the king was not fully awake. The sweeper started murmuring - the audacity of the merchant. He hugged the queen!

The king heard the words. What!! He was now fully awake. He called the sweeper and asked - Did the merchant hug the queen?

The sweeper quietly said - I am not sure what I said my lord. I was up all-night gambling. I am half asleep myself. Forgive me for my words.

This did not satisfy the king. This sweeper has complete access to the palace. He can go to any room. It is quite possible that he saw my queen hugging the merchant.

From that day, the king’s behaviour towards the merchant changed. The merchant would be ignored and when the merchant asked for the reason, the king asked him not to come to the palace.

The merchant was sad wondering why the king was being unfriendly towards him.

Some days passed.

One day the merchant decided to visit the palace When he went there, the palace guards caught him and asked him not to enter. The sweeper happened to be there and he said - beware of the merchant. He had me thrown out of his banquet. He could do the same to you.

As soon as the merchant heard this, he knew the reason for the king’s behaviour. He thought of a way to resolve the issue. He invited the sweeper, gave him gifts and asked him to forgive him.

Happy with the gifts, the sweeper decided to help the merchant.

The next day, early morning, when the king was half asleep, the sweeper started saying - What a king!! He eats cucumbers in the toilet.

The king was fully awake. What nonsense is this? You are a trusted servant and that is why I am not saying anything to you. If there was anyone else, I would have punished that person.

The sweeper said, - Sir, I was up the whole night gambling. I am half asleep. Forgive me for my words.

The king realized his mistake. He should not have trusted the words of a sweeper.

The merchant was invited to the court respectfully and given great gifts. Things became, as before.

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The jackal stopped and said - this is why I am saying; Give me respect that is due.

The bullock agreed and the jackal brought him and introduced him to the lion.

The lion and the bullock became friends. The lion then went to the river and drank all the water he needed.

Soon problems started appearing. The bullock started telling the lion that killing animals for food was not good. The lion tried to please the bullock.

The animals, including the jackal brothers, who lived on scraps were disheartened.

The two jackal brothers were discussing. The brother who had told the story of the monkey and the wedge, said to his brother - All these issues were created by you. If you had not introduced the lion and the bullock, these issues would not have happened.

The other jackal said - Yes, it is like a jackal that got caught between the fighting rams.

What is this - asked his brother.

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The merchant worked hard to please both the king and the people. He was someone was expert in balancing interests.

Any person who is of power should not believe rumours. Also, people who maybe on the lower rung can exert influence, if needed.
The merchant resolved the issue through diplomacy. He used appeasement and strategic kindness to manage conflict.

Anyone in power should manage all levels.

Remember, a strong reputation built over years can be demolished over-night.

Next time, another story. Till subscribe and leave a note for me.

And you want the previous story? Here it is. 

Panchatantra 0003 - The Jackal, the Drum, and the Scared Lion

 In a place, far far away, lived a jackal. Always hungry, the jackal was always in the lookout for a proper meal. His hunger took him all over the land. Wherever he found food, was home for him. Wandering like this he came across a battlefield. The battle was over for the day. It was evening and the armies had retired. There were many things scattered on the ground. The jackal, seeing an empty field, began sniffing around. Among many things lying there was a drum. The drum was lying near some bushes. Incidentally, that day, there was a strong wind blowing, and this wind was making the branches of the bushes hit against the drum. This was creating a strange noise. Imagine branches of bushes beating drums. And a deserted battlefield. Sounds eerie.

This was a sound that the jackal was unfamiliar with. He got scared and decided to immediately leave the place. He was about to turn back, when he suddenly thought it would be foolish not to see what was causing the sound. At least he could peep from a distance and see what was happening.

He gathered courage and slowly walked towards the source of the sound. When he approached it, he saw what it was. A mere drum. He laughed and went closer. There he found food. Enough to last him for days. This made this jackal very happy. He decided to settle and enjoy the food.

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The jackal finished telling the story to the lion and said - you should not be scared of a strange noise. You need to find out what is causing that.

The lion said - What are you saying? My brave warriors, the tigers, wolves, leopards - they have heard this noise. All are scared. No one wants to be here.

The jackal said - They are scared because you are scared. If you are brave, they will get courage, seeing you.

The lion looked at the jackal and said - So are you telling me that you are brave enough to find out what is causing this noise?

The jackal said - I am brave. I am confident.

The lion said - Good. Go. Find out what it is. Come back and tell me. God bless you.

The jackal took leave of the lion and set forth to find out the source of the noise.

After the jackal had left, the lion started cursing himself.

I am a fool. I have made a big mistake. How could I trust the jackal and tell him about my weakness. Now he will go to my enemy and tell them all this. I will now have to go and hide somewhere. I cannot live like this!

In the meanwhile, the jackal had reached the source of the sound. He himself was scared. He then saw it – a lone bullock standing there, bellowing. Our jackal was very relieved. Oh - it is just a bullock. This is my lucky day. I have the winning cards in my hand. I will talk to the lion, based on the situation, I will either make the bullock his friend or enemy. He went back to the lion.

The lion saw him return.

The lion asked - Did you find out what is causing the sound.

The jackal said - Yes, I did.

The lion said - Come on. You are joking. You are not telling the truth.

the jackal said - Will I lie, in front of you?

The lion said - So how come you were able to escape this strange thing?

The jackal said - Whatever it is, I have the power to make you friends with this. I will make this thing serve you. I can do that.

The lion said - What! You are serious? You can do that?

The jackal said - If one has brains, nothing is impossible.

The lion said - I like you. I will make you an advisor.

Thanking the lion, the jackal ran and went back to the place, where the bullock was and said - Why are you bellowing always? Our king is getting disturbed. He wants to meet you.

The bullock said - Who is this king of yours?

The jackal said, pointing at a direction - He is our king, the lion. He is sitting near the hill you see, along with his courtiers.

The bullock was scared. He said - I can’t face a lion. Look, you seem to be a clever being. Could you help me? Save me so that the lion does not kill me?

The jackal thought for a moment and said - Then wait. Let me talk to the king and then return back to you.

Saying this, the jackal ran back to the lion.

There, he said - Sir, this is an animal. Not an ordinary one. This is the bullock of great Shiva. The bullock told me he had taken a break from his duties and Shiva had granted him leave for some time to eat the grass and play around in the forest.

The lion said - No wonder. So, it is Shiva’s bullock. Makes sense. That is why this bullock can roam around fearlessly in the forest. So, what did you tell him, when he said all this to you?

The jackal said - I told him he was in the forest which had presented to her lion by great goddess Durga herself. I told him he was welcome to stay under the protection of the great lion. He was happy and said he would, only if his life was spared.

The lion said - I am sure I made a good decision by appointing you. Go to him and tell him I will spare his life, as long he spares mine. Go, bring him to me.

The jackal left happy with himself.

He then went to the bullock and said - I have spoken to the lion. He has called you and has agreed to spare your life. Don’t forget all this happened because of me. So, give me proper respect. Else misfortune will be yours like that which happened to the merchant.

What was that? - asked the bullock.

This story focuses on the need to conquer fear through knowledge and the demonstration that cunning is superior to might.

Fear is a product of ignorance. The lion and his courtiers are scared. They are unsure about the unfamiliar sound. Finding out the truth is necessary to survive and dominate.

The Jackal in the battlefield was also scared till he discovered the drum and eventually, food.

If one has brains, nothing is impossible - this needs to be noted.

Panchatantra 0002 - The monkey and the wedge

The monkey and the wedge

In a city there lived a rich merchant. One day the merchant decided it was time to build a temple. He chose the appropriate spot for building the temple. A nice shady place.

He gathered workers who would help in the construction work, and appointed them. He then told them what they were supposed to do, and the timeline by when he needed the work completed. Payment terms were discussed and agreed on, and the date when the workers would start, was decided.

On the set date, the workers arrived at the site, ready to start their work. They would go there every day early morning and start work. When afternoon came, the workers would take a break. They would call out to each other, and then would leave the site. They would return after sometime and resume their work.

This site was a shady place. There were many trees there. And in those trees, lived monkeys. Every day the monkeys would observe the workers busy with their work.

Let’s talk about this specific day. A carpenter was trying to split a log into two. He had managed to cut part of the log. It was just then, that his fellow workers came and called him, and told him it was time for a break. The carpenter really needed a break. But how to handle the log? If he left it, the cut part would snap back, closing the gash. To ensure it remained in that position, the carpenter pushed a wedge into the gap in the log, and then left with his colleagues, for his break.

The monkeys, up in the trees, saw the workers leave the site. They were used to the schedule of the workers. When the workers left, the monkeys would come down and roam around the site freely. When the monkeys were there, the curiosity bug caught one of the monkeys. This monkey saw the wedge, which had been pushed into the gash, in the log. It was something that the monkey had never seen before and it was curious. What is this? It thought. The monkey went closer and touched the wedge. It was sturdy, and refused to move. The monkey then grabbed the wedge and began to pull it. Unfortunately for the monkey, the wedge shot out of the log. Taken aback, the monkey moved and his legs got caught in the gash in log. With the wedge out, the log closed in, crushing the monkey, killing it.

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The jackal finished telling his brother the tale of the unfortunate curious monkey. Saying this he said -
Why should we be curious? Why the lion returned back without drinking water, should not be for us to worry about. We need to be content. When the lion kills and eats, he leaves scraps around. We need to be happy eating that. So, stop thinking about the lion.

The other jackal said,
I disagree. Are we here just to hunt for food? What are we? Crows, that we need to roam around, looking for food?

The first jackal said,
look, we are not in the service of the lion. When we did, things were different. Just forget the lion and his affairs.

The second jackal said
No. All one has to do, is serve the king. Doing so, even an ordinary person, can become a minister.
If a minister is not doing their job properly, they can be let go.
We need to find out what the king likes, dislikes; his wants, his desires. Doing so, we can get closer to the king.

The first jackal was listening.
Tell me. What is your plan? What are we supposed to do?

The second jackal said
I have a plan. I have seen the lion. He went to drink water but came back thirsty. I know the river is not dry. Also, have you noticed something? The lion has said something to the other animals, and they all look a bit scared. I will use diplomacy to find out what is happening.

And how do you know that the lion is scared - asked the first jackal.

The second jackal said -
Look closely. Can you not see the lion. He is looking back towards the river time and again. Also, his voice. And the way his eyes are twitching. All these are signs, that tell me, something is bothering the lion. I will go to the lion and become friendly with him. I will gain his trust and then, I will remove his fear. By doing so, I will help regain our father's position, as his advisor.

The first jackal said - You are talking about serving the lion. What do you plan to do? Fine, tell me. What will you say when you go to the lion?

The second jackal said - I have not planned anything. All I know is, I will be successful I need to understand the situation, and then based on the situation, I need to say what is correct. If the lion is angry, I'll flatter him. I will treat all his friends and allies as my own. And appreciate all that he says and gives.

The first jackal said - Good luck. I will remain here and watch and see what you do.

The second jackal then took leave of his brother and went and greeted the lion.

This lion was not like the ferocious lion we hear of. He was a nice person. When he saw the jackal approaching, he greeted him and asked -
How have you been? All well? I have not seen you for a long time?

The jackal said - You are the king, and I am just a subject. I offer my services to you. A king needs high ranking people to serve him, and he also sometimes needs nobodies like us.

The lion said - What high and lows? You are the son of my ex-advisor and I have respect for you. If there is anything to say, do not hesitate.

The jackal said - I have come here to say something to you. I am not sure, what I want to say is something that I need to say in front of all.

The lion looked at the other animals near him. He saw some tigers and wolves sitting there.

Could you please leave me and the jackal alone for some time - he said.

They understood. The tigers and wolves walked away from there.

When they were gone, the jackal said - I think, your majesty, you went to the river to drink water, but came back thirsty. Any reason why?

The lion was taken aback. He stammered and said - Oh nothing, let it be.

The jackal said - I understand you are not comfortable sharing things with me. Let it be. The jackal got up, ready to leave.

The lion thought for some time and then said - you seem trust worthy. Let me tell you. So I was at the river and heard a scary noise. Wait .... can you hear it now?

The jackal heard the bellow of the bullock.

He said - So what? This is a jungle. You will hear noises here.

The lion said - Look, I am not comfortable. Some scary animal has come here and has made its home. It makes these strange noises. It’s not visible.

The jackal said - You have just heard some noise and that is scaring you? It’s your jungle. You were born here, raised here. Noises should not scare you. Drums make strange noises. When a jackal overcame his fear of noises, he found food.

Which jackal is this, what happened? asked the lion.

The jackal began telling the lion the story of this jackal.

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Analysis Summary

A jackal says, avoid curiosity. One should be "content" with what authority provides. The second jackal says No; I do not accept this. I am ambitious. I refuse to settle for scraps.

• The story talks about the danger of interfering with things that one does not understand. The monkey, driven by "curiosity," interfered with the wedge in the log and died. It says curiosity without knowledge can be fatal.
• The second jackal's approach shows the importance of intelligence and planning before action. His goal is to regain his family's position by knowing the king's weaknesses and using "diplomacy".